The study investigates the applicability of Newman and coworkers' exchange current density expression for modeling Li-ion battery materials, focusing on NCM 111. It finds that the kinetics align with the proposed theory at lower salt concentrations but deviate at higher concentrations, and that asymmetry in charging and discharging kinetics limits performance due to limited oxidative stability.
Li-Ion Battery Active Material Impedance Analysis I: Comparison of Measured NCM 111 Kinetics with Butler-Volmer Equation Based Predictions / Morasch, R.; Gasteiger, H. A. and Suthar, B. / Journal of The Electrochemical Society 2023 (Open Access) - DOI